What does the 15th Amendment establish?

The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870, specifically addresses voting rights, declaring that the right to vote cannot be denied or abridged based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This amendment was a crucial component of the Reconstruction Amendments, which aimed to secure rights for former slaves and ensure their participation in the democratic process.

By establishing that all men, regardless of their race, have the right to vote, the 15th Amendment played a significant role in advancing civil rights in the United States. Its passage was an important step towards creating a more equitable society, emphasizing that voting rights are fundamental to democracy.

The other options pertain to different amendments or legal rights. The right to free speech is protected by the First Amendment, the right to bear arms is guaranteed by the Second Amendment, and the right to a fair trial is addressed by the Sixth Amendment. Each of these focuses on distinct rights and liberties, while the 15th Amendment is solely focused on voting rights related to race.