What does the judicial branch primarily do?

The judicial branch primarily reviews and explains laws, which is fundamental to its role within the government. This branch is responsible for interpreting the laws enacted by the legislative branch and ensuring that they comply with the Constitution. The judicial branch settles disputes, protects individual rights, and maintains the rule of law by applying legal principles to specific cases.

Judicial review allows the courts to evaluate the actions of the executive and legislative branches, ensuring that laws and policies are consistent with constitutional standards. This serves as a check on the power of the other branches, fostering a balance within the government.

Other roles outlined in the question pertain to different branches: law creation and passing are primarily functions of the legislative branch; law enforcement falls under the executive branch, which is responsible for implementing laws; and overseeing military operations is typically managed by both the executive branch and designated military authorities. Thus, the judicial branch's primary focus on the review and interpretation of laws is what distinctly characterizes its function within the government.