What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?

The purpose of the 10th Amendment is to reserve powers not delegated to the federal government by the Constitution for the states and the people. This means that any powers that are not specifically granted to the federal government are retained by the states or the citizens themselves. This amendment was added to the Constitution to reinforce the principle of federalism, which is the division of powers between the national and state governments.

The 10th Amendment serves as a constitutional affirmation of the states' rights, ensuring that state governments have the authority to legislate and govern in areas not expressly covered by federal law. This is crucial for maintaining a balance of power and preventing an overreach by the federal government into areas traditionally managed by the states, such as local law enforcement, education, and public health.

The other options do not accurately reflect the intent or function of the 10th Amendment. Eliminating state powers contradicts the amendment's purpose of empowering states. Establishing rights for citizens aligns more with other amendments, particularly the Bill of Rights, which outlines individual liberties. Specifying the powers of Congress relates to the enumerated powers listed in Article I of the Constitution, rather than the powers reserved for the states by the 10th Amendment.