Which historical document declared independence from Britain?

The Declaration of Independence is the historical document that formally declared the thirteen American colonies' independence from British rule. Adopted on July 4, 1776, it was drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson and articulated the colonies' grievances against King George III, emphasizing the philosophical foundations of individual liberty and the government's responsibility to protect those rights. This document marks a pivotal moment in American history, establishing the colonies' intent to create a new nation based on the principles of equality and self-governance. The Declaration not only proclaimed independence but also inspired future movements for democracy and human rights around the world.

In contrast, the U.S. Constitution serves as the framework for the government of the newly formed United States, outlining the structure and function of the federal government rather than declaring independence. The Federalist Papers are a collection of articles promoting the ratification of the Constitution, providing insight into the framers' intentions but occurring after the Declaration. Lastly, the Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee specific freedoms and rights but does not address the issue of independence from Britain.